standard library download chief architect

Centuries later, Leon Battista Alberti developed his ideas further, seeing beauty as an objective quality of buildings to be found in their proportions. The earliest surviving text on architectural theories is the 1st century AD treatise De architectura by the Roman architect Vitruvius, according to whom a good building embodies firmitas, utilitas, and venustas (durability, utility, and beauty). Texts on architecture have been written since ancient times. For this reason, architecture is considered to be a form of art.

The practice, which began in the prehistoric era, has been used as a way of expressing culture for civilizations on all seven continents. Historical civilizations are often identified with their surviving architectural achievements. Architectural works, in the material form of buildings, are often perceived as cultural symbols and as works of art. Īrchitecture (from Latin architectura from Ancient Greek ἀρχιτέκτων ( arkhitéktōn) 'architect' from ἀρχι- ( arkhi-) 'chief', and τέκτων ( téktōn) 'creator') is both the process and the product of sketching, conceiving, planning, designing, and constructing buildings or other structures. In adding the dome to the Florence Cathedral ( Italy) in the early 15th century, the architect Filippo Brunelleschi not only transformed the building and the city, but also the role and status of the architect.

Standard library download chief architect